• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    A tube mold for continuous casting of metal strands in the billet or billet format comprises an internal, exchangeable mold tube (1) with a holding device (2), a Wasserleitmantel (3) and a head flange (4) at the pouring end and a Fußflansch (5) at the pouring end. The mold tube (1) is connected via the head flange (4), the base flange (5) and the holding device (2) with the Wasserleitmantel (3) and forms with this a uniform water gap (11), counteracted by the cooling during the casting operation the casting direction (G) flows. The Kokillenrohr (1) can be introduced in one piece in the Wasserleitmantel (3) or removed from this and is connected on its outer surface via lag screws (23) and pressure screws (22) with the Wasserleitmantel (3), whereby the Wasserleitmantel (3 ) acts as a mechanical support for the mold tube (1). The What serleitmantel (3) is also made of one piece of non-magnetic material, which allows the use of electromagnetic stirring coils.
    公开号:AT517139A1
    申请号:T50303/2015
    申请日:2015-04-16
    公开日:2016-11-15
    发明作者:Johann Dipl Ing Poeppl；Heinrich Dipl Ing Thoene；Franz Dipl Ing Wimmer
    申请人:Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    Supported tubular mold for billet and bloom systems
    The present invention relates to a tube mold for continuously casting metal strands in billet or billet format, which has an internal, exchangeable mold tube with a holding device, surrounding the mold tube Wasserleitmantel and a head flange at the pouring end and a Fußflansch at the pouring end.
    The present invention further relates to an operating method for continuously casting metal strands in billet or billet format with a tubular mold comprising an internal, exchangeable mold tube with a holding device, a Wasserleitmantel surrounding the mold tube and a head flange at the pouring end and a Fußflansch at the pouring end the process steps - installation of the mold tube in the Wasserleitmantel, - continuous - ie from any number of charges molten metal without interruption immediately after one another - casting a metal strand by means of the tube mold, - removal of the mold tube from the Wasserleitmantel.
    At modern continuous casting plants steel strands in rectangular or round billet format usually produced by continuous casting, with batches of molten steel melt are poured without interruption immediately after one another in a tube mold. Such molds comprise an inner mold tube, which forms a mold which is open on both sides, through which the cast metal passes during the casting process and which is surrounded by a water-conducting jacket. The mold tube is usually made of a piece of metal - usually made of a copper alloy - with a constant wall thickness. Accordingly, it has an inner side facing the cast metal strand and an outer side facing the Wasserleitmantel and a pouring-side end and a pouring-side end. It forms with its outside the cross-sectional shape of the pre-block material and can either be formed straight along the casting direction or have a slight curvature.
    In addition, between the mold tube and the Wasserleitmantel a narrow gap, the so-called water gap is formed, which serves to guide a cooling medium - usually water - along the outer surface of the mold tube and so dissipate sufficient casting heat from the molten metal in the interior of the mold tube, to allow the formation of a strand shell in the molten metal at a given casting speed.
    In general, the heat removal to the cooling medium depends on the extent of the contact surface, the temperature difference between the Kokillenrohroberfläche and the cooling medium and the heat transfer coefficient, which in turn is influenced by the flow geometry and the flow rate of the cooling medium. Since for practical reasons, the temperature of the cooling medium can not be chosen arbitrarily low - the cooling water at steel-producing plants usually has a temperature of up to 40 ° C - can be ensured sufficient cooling effect only by a correspondingly high flow rate of the cooling medium. For this purpose, the gap formed between the water-conducting jacket and the outer surface of the mold tube is generally only a few millimeters deep, so that in conjunction with a pressurization of the cooling medium of a few bar, the flow velocity of the cooling medium along the mold tube - and, consequently, the heat transfer coefficient and thus adjusts the cooling capacity of the mold - to a corresponding value.
    The Wasserleitmantel can only be embedded as a flow-leading part for the cooling liquid in a water tank, the water box has a larger inlet and outlet reservoir with the corresponding connections for the cooling medium and also forms the mechanical frame in which the mold tube is attached. In this case, the water box has corresponding flanges and seals, which enable the mold tube can be positively inserted into the water box and allow a constant circulation of the coolant along the Kokillenrohres and prevent the escape of coolant from the tube mold. Such molds are known from the literature: see, for. B. Cape. 15.6.6.2 with Fig. 15.62 and Chap. 15.6.6.3 with Fig. 15.63 and Chap. 17.1.1.3 with Fig. 17.3 in "The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel", 11th edition 2003, The AISE Steel Foundation.
    But there are also constructions, especially for larger Gießformate, known that have no water tank but in which the Wasserleitmantel itself forms the mechanical framework for the mold tube. In this case, the water-Leitleitmantel has the appropriate connections for the inlet and outlet of the coolant and the mold tube is connected, for example, at the inflow end by a head flange and at the pour-out end by a foot flange with the Wasserleitmantel.
    In order to achieve a high quality of the cast metal strand, a uniform cooling effect must be ensured on the surface of the mold tube: this must the mold tube as symmetrical as possible in the surrounding Wasserleitmantel be incorporated, so that forms a uniform water gap, which usually uses so-called centering become. Since the mold tube-in particular with a small wall thickness-can deform during the casting process due to the pressurization of the cooling medium and due to the thermal stress of the cast metal strand and the centering on the mold tube only a force in the form of compressive stress, but not in the form of tensile stress exercise, the centering of the mold tube can be lost in the water gap, which can lead to uneven growth of the strand shell and thus quality losses. Therefore, in such Kokillenkonstruktionen the wall thickness of the mold tube must be chosen to be large enough to counteract undesirable deformations.
    Furthermore, in order to increase the homogeneity of the cast steel strand, especially in pre-bloom formats, and to avoid segregations, tube molds are often equipped with an electromagnetic stirring device in the form of electric coils with iron core. In order to achieve a sufficiently large induction effect in the molten metal and to minimize the induced eddy currents in electrically conductive components of the mold, which lead to an undesirable heating and thus represent a power loss in the material of the mold itself, the coils must be brought as close to the mold tube , which is a design difficulty because of the intervening cooling device. However, these unwanted eddy currents can be minimized by the mold tube has a wall thickness as small as possible and by the water box or the Wasserleitmantel of possible non-magnetic material, such as. austenitic stainless steel.
    Thus, EP 0117115 Bl describes such a stirring device for continuous casting molds in the billet format, wherein the stirring device 8, 9 according to claim 1 and Fig. 4 in a region below the water inflow and outflow passages 7a and 7b, which are located at the upper mold end, is positioned. Furthermore, the mold comprises a casting plate forming the copper plate 2, an outer plate 3 connected to the copper plate, and a frame 4 supporting the outer plate and the copper plate and to which the stirring device is attached via a flange 15. The cooling water is passed through various chambers and passages of the outer shield and the frame to the outer surface of the copper plate, which causes a relatively complex structure in the production and maintenance. Moreover, due to the special construction, the stirring device is part of the mold itself and thus has to be made separately for each individual mold.
    WO 0041830 A1 discloses a tube mold for billet formats which has an electromagnetic stirring device and in which cooling channels are placed inside the wall of the mold tube itself instead of a water-conducting jacket enclosing the mold tube, see Z.25-28 on S.ll and FIG 2 and FIG 5a. Since in this construction, no water tank or Wasserleitmantel is present, which provides the necessary mechanical stability of the Kokillenrohrs, and there further the water channels, which have a diameter of 8 - 16mm according to claim 11 and a minimum distance of 5 to 20mm from the inside of the mold tube are arranged (see 30 in FIG 5a), the mold wall has a significantly increased wall thickness and thus a higher material requirement. In addition, the mold tube according to claim 9 along the edges webs for stiffening, see also 27 in FIG 5a. Since the mold tube also has a length of 1050 to 1500mm according to claim 8, the production - in particular the cooling channels in the casting direction and their separate water supply and drainage according to p. 13, Z.24 - 26 - is correspondingly expensive, see also 22a, 23a and 22b, 23b in FIG 2. Together with the increased material requirements, therefore, results for the production of such a mold, a corresponding economic and technical effort. The same arguments apply to the very similar variant shown in FIG. 4, in which the mold tube consists of individual plates.
    In the variant shown in FIG. 5b, the webs are omitted along the edges, however, according to Z.21 - 24 from S.12 separate plates and elaborate milling to form the cooling channels on the outside of the mold tube and in the plates are necessary. Also in the variant published in FIG. 3, which according to Z.2 - 10 has a water tank 21 with water chambers 20 on S.ll and in which the cooling water in narrow channels 26 (ref. 26 "preferential channel", S.ll Z. 8) along the outside of the mold tube, additional stiffeners 27 are provided along the edges (see p.10 Z. 25-27) .In addition, since the mold tube, which is usually made of copper predominantly and therefore only a relative has low mechanical strength, has no mechanical support on the flat surfaces of the outside, an increased wall thickness is necessary to avoid excessive deformation due to the Druckbe aufschlagung the coolant and due to the thermal stresses during the casting process finished or limited to smaller cross-sectional formats, if the wall thickness does not exceed certain economic limits Moreover, the cooling-liquid velocities of up to 28 m / s cited in WO 0041830 A1 on S.12 in Z.4-5 can only be achieved with very high technical effort since the pressure loss during the flow process of a liquid increases quadratically with the flow velocity ,
    Furthermore, due to the constant cross-section of the cooling channels arranged in the wall of the casting mold according to FIGS. 2, 4, 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b, a constant coolant velocity and thus a practically constant cooling effect in the longitudinal direction of the mold, which do not correspond to the temperature of the strand surface can be adjusted in the respective longitudinal section.
    From EP 1468760 Bl a tube mold for round and polygonal Vorblockformate with reduced wall thickness of the copper pipe is known, in which the water tank, in which the copper pipe is mounted, is formed directly as Wasserleitmantel and provides both the water supply along the outside of the copper pipe and forms the mechanical support skeleton for the mold tube and this completely encloses. The Wasserleitmantel consists according to the invention disclosed therein in molds of rectangular cross section of four support plates bolted together, which form a narrow gap to the copper pipe and are connected thereto via webs and ribs. In this case, the water flow via cooling channels, which are milled into the outside of the copper pipe or in the inside of the support plates (see claim 2, 3 and FIG 6) or by support ribs or connecting webs are formed (see claim 9 and FIG 4).
    Because of the reduced wall thickness of the copper tube (paragraph [18] row 19/19), it must be secured at several points by means of retaining means, e.g. Connecting bolts 75 or dovetail profiles 76 to be firmly connected to the support plates (see line 15-19 in paragraph [0035] and FIG 7) to compensate for the loss of mechanical stability and to counteract the thermal expansion during the casting process. In particular, the mold tube in the corner areas must be supported on the water jacket in order to prevent rhomboidal warping of the mold at high temperatures (see paragraphs 43-49 and FIG. 5).
    Although higher casting speeds are possible with the disclosed invention and the slim design of the water jacket is suitable for the use of electromagnetic stirring coils, as indicated in Figure 1 by identifier 14, however, the production of such a mold tube and the support plates according to the invention, due to the numerous cooling channels, support ribs and fasteners correspondingly complex and expensive and because of the many fits and points of contact between mold tube and support plates requires considerable manufacturing precision. In addition, the assembly of such a mold or the replacement of a worn Kokillenrohres that can not be revised, against a new increased time required compared to molds conventional design and additional seals are required, for example, in the corners between the support plates according to FIG. 5
    From EP 2 572 812 B1, a mold design is known which according to claim 1 or FIG. 4 shows a mold tube ("mold" 202) and a cooling jacket 204 for forming a narrow flow gap 210 for a coolant along the outer surface of the mold tube in an outer housing arrangement 208, wherein the cooling jacket via a tubular intermediate structure 206 and special coupling means 216 coupled in a non-rigid manner with the housing assembly and wherein the cooling jacket has radially acting adjusting means 212 for adjusting the flow gap to the mold tube On the other hand, according to paragraph [0015] line 37/38 - in particular by the non-rigid coupling to the outer casing, see paragraph [ 0017] Zei le 50 - minimizes unwanted mechanical forces.
    However, since the mold tube experiences no mechanical support except at the upper and lower end, it must be made correspondingly solid to counteract the thermal stresses during the casting process. Because, therefore, on the one hand, the wall thickness must be chosen correspondingly large for larger cross-sections, but on the other hand, the temperature load on the inside of the mold tube increases and the copper alloys used for the mold tube are limited in this regard, this configuration of a continuous casting mold on smaller cross-sections, primarily billet formats , limited.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a tube mold, comprising a mold tube and a Wasserleitmantel, for casting metal strands - suitable for casting larger Vorblockformate whose largest dimension in one direction in a cross section up to 650mm, preferably up to 500mm, and at the same time has a high dimensional stability during the casting process, - allows efficient use of electromagnetic stirrers with low power loss in the mold material, - has a device that the centering of the mold tube in Wasserleitmantel during the casting process reliably maintains, - can be produced with the least possible material and manufacturing costs - and is connected with the least possible effort during assembly and replacement of the mold tube.
    The object is achieved by a tube mold with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the tubular mold are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 12.
    According to the invention, a tube mold of the type mentioned above is configured in that - the mold tube is connected via the head flange, the base flange and the holding device to the Wasserleitmantel, - that in a cross section through the tube mold perpendicular to the casting direction, the inside of the water jacket substantially concentric with the outside runs the mold tube and forms a constant gap is passed through the cooling liquid for dissipating heat from the cast metal strand, - that the Wasserleitmantel is made of non-magnetic material and serves as a mechanical support for the mold tube, - that the Wasserleitmantel is made of one piece , in which the mold tube can be used as a whole, - that the mold tube is connected at its outer surface via lag screws and pressure screws with the Wasserleitmantel.
    According to the invention disclosed herein, it is proposed that a tube mold as main components comprises an inner mold tube with a holding device, an outer water jacket, a pour-in head flange and a pour-out base flange. In this case, the mold tube and the Wasserleitmantel are shaped so that a uniform, annular water gap is formed between them in the assembled state of the tubular mold, is passed through the cooling liquid for the removal of heat from the cast metal strand. Since the local heat dissipation by the cooling liquid is significantly influenced by the geometry of this gap and should be as uniform along the circumference of the mold tube, according to the invention in a cross section through the tube mold perpendicular to the casting direction, the inside of the water jacket substantially concentric with the outside of the mold tube.
    According to the invention the Wasserleitmantel is formed with a sufficient wall thickness, so that it forms a uniform water gap for the circulation of cooling liquid with the outside of the mold tube and at the same time serves as a mechanical support for the inner mold tube: characterized a design is given, which allows electromagnetic stirring possible to position close to the molten metal and to achieve a corresponding efficiency. Moreover, the Wasserleitmantel according to the invention consists of non-magnetic material, which minimizes unwanted, caused by the stirring coils eddy currents in the mold material itself. The material of the water jacket is preferably austenitic stainless steel, e.g. Chrome-nickel steel of type 1.4301.
    Specifically, the mold tube has near its pouring end on a holding device which serves as a mechanical stop when introduced into the Wasserleitmantel, wherein the Kokillenrohr penetrates at the same time with its pouring end mounted on the pouring end of the Wasserleitmantels foot flange. In this case, the holding device may be embodied, for example, as a retaining ring which is fastened in a groove of the mold tube and comes to rest on a corresponding step-shaped cutout along the inside at the inflow-side end of the water-conducting jacket. About the head flange, which penetrates the mold tube with its inflow-side end, there is a fixation of the holding device and thus of the mold tube in Wasserleitmantel in the casting direction. Between the mold tube and the head flange and the Fußflansch an annular seal made of flexible material, such as rubber, is attached in each case, which seals the water gap to the pouring or pouring end of the tube mold towards. The top flange and the foot flange are each firmly connected to the Wasserleitmantel, which can be done for example by means of suitable screw and the connection between Wasserleitmantel and Fußflansch must not be solved in a possible exchange of the mold tube. Overall, the mold tube is thus connected via the head flange, the base flange and the holding device with the Wasserleitmantel.
    The thus configured connection between die tube and Wasserleitmantel also has targeted mechanical tolerances and is therefore flexible, which on the one hand, the centering of the
    Kokillenrohres allowed in Wasserleitmantel and on the other hand allowed the thermal expansion of the mold tube in the casting direction. This is of importance because the mold tube is heated much stronger than the Wasserleitmantel during the casting operation and therefore has a greater thermal expansion than this, which would lead to unwanted mechanical stresses and deformations of the mold tube in a rigid connection.
    When introducing the mold tube into the water jacket, it must be ensured that the mold tube is symmetrically positioned in the water jacket, so that a uniform water gap to the inside of the water jacket occurs in a cross section through the tube mold perpendicular to the casting direction: this can be achieved, for example, by additional holes in the water jacket with suitable measuring means be checked, the holes after checking the correct centering again with appropriate means, such as Blanking screws or blind plugs must be closed to seal the coolant circuit.
    In a preferred embodiment, the said holding device between Kokillenrohr and Wasserleitmantel is designed as a retaining ring, which is mounted in an outer groove of the Kokillenrohres at the eingießseitigem end and comes to rest on a corresponding cutout along the inner edge at the inflow-side end of the Wasserleitmantels. In this case, this ring has a rectangular cross section in the radial direction and has in the radial and vertical directions said tolerances in the range of 0.2-2mm, preferably 0.5mm in the radial direction and 1mm in the vertical direction.
    Furthermore, the invention provides that the Wasserleitmantel is made of one piece, in which the mold tube can be introduced as a whole: this must be solved or produced when changing the Kokillenrohres only the mechanical connections between Kokillenrohr, Wasserleitmantel, head flange and Fußflansch However, there are no elaborate steps in terms of disassembly, assembly and sealing of the water jacket itself compared to constructions with a multi-part mold shell, such as in EP 1468760 Bl, FIG 5 discloses. The Wasserleitmantel can also be composed of several individual parts permanently -er may, for example. be welded together from several plates or mold tube parts.
    The wall thickness of the Kokillenrohres is substantially uniform and is for example 20mm, the gap between the outer surface of the Kokillenrohrs and the inner surface of the water jacket is in the range of a few millimeters, for example 4 - 5mm, the pressure of the liquid cooling medium is usually several bar, for example 6 bar and The flow rate of the cooling medium is typically in a range of 6 - 10m / s, wherein the flow of the cooling medium from the lower, strand outlet side end of the mold upwards, takes place in the direction of the pouring end. The present invention enables billet and billet formats with a cross-sectional area between 0.01 and 0.36m2, preferably between 0.05 and 0.1m2.
    Furthermore, the inventive design of the mold provides connections by means of pressure screws and lag screws between Wasserleitmantel and mold tube: while the Druckschraubverbindungen prevent local expansion of the surface of the mold tube perpendicular to the casting direction in the radial outward direction, while the Zugschraubverbindungen a local evasion of the surface of the Kokillenrohres in the radial To prevent direction inside. The tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen are designed so that they allow only a local thermal movement of the Kokillenrohres parallel to its outer side, but this does not affect the centering of the Kokillenrohrs in Wasserleitmantel: thereby remain the water gap and thus the cooling effect even under the thermal load of the mold tube during the casting process along a circumferential line of the mold tube substantially obtained. The thermal expansion of the Kokillenrohres can thus take place only small-scale between the attachment points of the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen, but this has no significant impact on the global flow behavior of the cooling liquid; however, a large-scale adjustment of the centering of the mold tube in
    Wasserleitmantel, as may occur in known constructions under casting conditions, in which the mold tube is attached only at the upper and lower end in the water box and is centered therebetween only by pressure screws in Wasserleitmantel effectively prevented. As a result, compared to known constructions in which the Wasserleitmantel is stabilized only by pressure screws, given a higher dimensional stability of Kokillenrohres casting conditions, which is why the wall thickness of the Kokillenrohres reduced and thereby a higher cooling capacity and thus a higher casting speed can be achieved, resulting in a higher production rate.
    In order to exploit the described effects of the pull and Druckschraubverbindungen as effectively as possible, advantageously a Zugschraubverbindung and a Druckschraubverbindung are arranged in close proximity to each other. These further developed by the Zugschraubverbindungen screw between Kokillenrohr and Wasserleitmantel also offer the advantage that the mold tube is not deformed because of Zugschraubverbindungen by the externally applied pressure of the cooling medium. As a result, a symmetrical flow of the cooling medium along the mold tube and thus a uniform cooling effect is achieved permanently, which ensures a consistently high quality of the cast metal strand.
    The inventive design of a tube mold by means of Wasserleitmantel as a mechanical support for the mold tube and the described stabilization of the mold tube by the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen also offers the ability to choose the wall thickness of Kokillenrohrs thinner than in other known Kokillenkonstruktionen: this has on the one hand the advantage that the mold tube can be made more cost-effective because of the lower cost of materials and on the other hand that the thermal load on the inside of the mold tube decreases, which has a positive effect on the service life of the mold tube. Also, because of the smaller wall thickness of the Kokillenrohrs in the case of breaking the cast strand shell and the associated local Temperaturan rose by inflowing melt ("sticker"), the excess heat dissipated faster to the cooling medium.
    In addition, a smaller wall thickness of the mold tube allows a more efficient cooling effect and thus the casting of larger Vorblockformaten.
    Another advantage of the inventive design of the water gap between die tube and Wasserleitmantel is that the mold tube, especially for larger Gießformate, can be configured so that on its outer side no material-removing manufacturing steps, such as the milling of supporting webs or cooling grooves must be performed. On the one hand, the preparation simplifies and reduces the cost of a process, as it is e.g. is set forth in EP 1468760 Bl, since no support elements or grooves for guiding the cooling medium are provided according to the present invention between Wasserleitmantel and mold tube except for the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen. On the other hand, by the present invention, a higher manufacturing accuracy in terms of the shape and tolerances of Kokillenrohres possible because the mold tube is usually pulled in the production of one piece and then has very high internal material stresses that can lead to effective bending, if subsequently large area material is removed. Thus, it is possible, for example, from a wall thickness of about 18 mm, the thread for the lag screws of the screw according to the invention without additional measures, such as the application of a reinforcing web to install directly in the wall of the mold tube.
    In an alternative embodiment of the inventive tube mold for metal strands having a rectangular cross section is located along the center line in the casting direction of each of the four cast strand cross-section replicating outer surfaces of the Kokillenrohres a web on which the Druckschraubverbindungen act or in which the threads for Zugschraubverbindungen are: this Variant is particularly suitable for smaller rectangular formats up to 200 x 200mm with high casting speed. On the one hand, a support of the mold tube by arranging the tension and compression
    Screw connections along one row per outer surface sufficient, on the other hand, the wall thickness of the Kokillenrohres - apart from said webs - can be reduced, whereby the casting heat of the molten metal can be dissipated more quickly to the cooling medium. This results in a higher cooling capacity of the mold, which in turn allows higher casting speeds and thus a higher production rate. Furthermore, due to the described arrangement of the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen the thermally induced expansion of the mold tube is symmetrical to the center lines of the four outer surfaces, resulting in a symmetrical cooling capacity and a symmetrical cross-section of the cast strand. Moreover, a thinner wall thickness of the mold tube has a positive effect on electromagnetic stirring coils, since less power loss is induced in the mold tube.
    In a preferred embodiment of the tube mold, the mold tube, the holding device, the Wasserleitmantel, the head flange and the base flange are designed so that the mold tube is automatically centered in Wasserleitmantel during assembly of the mold. This can be done, for example, that the mold tube receiving the openings of the head flange and the Fußflansches and the corresponding inflow-side and outflow-side portions on the outer surface of the Kokillenrohres are designed as play fits to each other. The tolerance of the fits is usually fractions of a millimeter. As a result, the mold tube is positioned in the water jacket with an accuracy that corresponds at least to the fit tolerance when inserting the mold tube in the Wasserleitmantel to which the Fußflansch is already attached, and in the fixation of the Kokillenrohrs in Wasserleitmantel through the head flange. The sealing rings which seal the water gap against coolant outlet, due to their positive position between mold tube and head flange or Fußflansch additionally increase the accuracy of centering, so that at a fit tolerance of preferably 0.5mm, the mold tube is centered with a deviation of less than 0.2mm in Wasserleitmantel , The fit tolerances can also be further reduced if necessary.
    By this embodiment, a self-centering design of a tube mold is created in which no further measuring steps for checking the centering of the mold tube in Wasserleitmantel are needed.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the tubular mold according to the invention, the cross-section of the cast billet material is rectangular, the side lengths of the cross-sectional area being in a range up to 600 x 600mm, preferably between 200 and 400mm, e.g. 250 x 350mm, lie. However, smaller formats are also conceivable, for example with rectangular cross sections of 100 × 150 mm. The outer surface - that is the surface facing the Wasserleitmantel - of Kokillenrohres has an approximately uniform wall thickness and thus includes four even or approximately flat partial surfaces that emulate the rectangular cross-section of the cast metal strands. Between these partial surfaces, rounded edge regions extend whose vertices in the casting direction form an edge line. In addition, the mold tube is connected to at least two of the partial surfaces in a central region via tension and compression screws with the Wasserleitmantel, wherein the central region of a partial surface in the casting over the entire length of the mold tube and perpendicular to the casting over a region extending from an edge line counted up to five times the wall thickness of the mold tube to each edge line. Moreover, numerical simulations have shown that the thermal expansion of the mold tube takes place during the casting operation primarily in the corner areas symmetrical to the central areas of the four partial surfaces, so that the fixing of the mold tube to the water jacket along these central areas by the positive and non-positive tensile strength according to the invention. and Druckschraubverbindungen a sufficient dimensional stability is ensured during the casting process.
    In a further embodiment of the tube mold for rectangular cross sections, the gap between the mold tube and the water jacket is reduced in the region of the edges. This can be realized for example by corresponding curves with larger radii in the edges on the inside of the water jacket, so that in this area the normal distance between the outer surface of the Kokillenrohres and the inner surface of the wa-serleitmantels on half or a third of the water gap along the four levels or approximately flat partial surfaces is reduced. This has the effect of reducing heat dissipation from the cast metal strand in the edge regions relative to the remainder of the surface, thus preventing the known phenomenon of edge overcooling.
    In a further embodiment of the tubular mold, the cast metal strand has a round cross section and the mold tube has a uniform wall thickness, so that the outer surface of the mold tube reproduces the round cross section of a metal strand cast therewith. According to the invention has the Wasserleitmantel to form a uniform water gap also has a round cross-section and is made of one piece, the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen between Wasserleitmantel and mold tube are arranged uniformly along the circumference of Kokillenrohres, which is a uniformly distributed along the circumference radial support of the mold tube guaranteed. This promotes symmetrical growth of the strand shell and ensures high quality of the cast metal strand, and allows round bloom formats up to 650mm in diameter.
    In a preferred embodiment of the tube mold according to the invention a tension screw and a pressure screw are combined to form a non-positive tensile and Druckschraubverbindung by the pressure screw between Wasserleitmantel and Kokillenrohr is formed as a threaded sleeve with a first thread in the form of an external thread in a corresponding internal thread in Wasserleitmantel engages, so that the pressure screw on the Wasserleitmantel and the
    Mold tube acts with compressive force. The pressure screw can be locked with a locking nut on the outside of the water jacket. The lag screw engages through the interior of the pressure screw with a second thread turn in the form of an external thread in a corresponding internal thread on the outside of the mold tube and acts on the Wasserleitmantel and the mold tube with tensile force, the tension screw is designed as an expansion screw, the one thermally induced movement of the mold tube tolerated transversely to the longitudinal axis of the lag screw. In this case, in a preferred embodiment, the pressure screws have an outer diameter of 16-25 mm, preferably 20 mm, and the lag screws have an outer thread with a diameter of 8 to 16 mm, preferably 12 mm.
    The lag screws and the pressure screws are each formed at their outer ends so that they can be adjusted by means of a suitable tool; Moreover, the tensile and pressure screw connections configured in this way have first sealing rings which seal the water-conducting jacket against the escape of cooling fluid when the screws are locked. The pressure screw acts as an adjustable spacer between Wasserleitmantel and mold tube and can be fixed after adjustment with a locking nut on the outside of the water jacket. The lag screw is used for subsequent fixation of the mold tube in Wasserleitmantel in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the mold tube, the diameter of the lag screw is significantly smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure screw, so that such a combination of lag screw and pressure screw tolerates thermally induced transverse movement of the surface of the mold tube , This nested construction of lag screws and pressure screws thus offers the advantage that it selectively fixed the mold tube in a direction perpendicular to the water-leitleitmantel, but without bending the mold tube itself by their force. Moreover, in comparison with known constructions in which the Wasserleitmantel is stabilized only via pressure screws, effectively prevents deformation of the mold tube by the water pressure with an equal number of breakthroughs by the Wasserleitmantel.
    In a further preferred embodiment, the lag screw has a second longitudinal bore in the axial direction, through which a sensor, at the tip of which a sensor element for detecting the temperature is guided to the mold tube, so that the sensor element touches the surface of the mold tube and a good Heat transfer is ensured to the sensor element. Preferably, a bimetal transition is used as a sensor element for the sensor, wherein the sensor is pressed by means of suitable means, such as a compression spring, against the mold tube. The design of such a screw feedthrough for a temperature sensor through a water-conducting jacket to the surface of a mold tube is e.g. from WO 2014095325 Al known.
    In general, this is a common measure to measure the temperature of the mold tube at multiple points to monitor the casting process and to address any problems that may occur, such as Sticker or Strandschalenablösungen to react in time. This version has the advantage that in addition to the bushings for the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen through the Wasserleitmantel no separate feedthroughs for temperature sensors are needed.
    When passing through the cast metal through a mold, the solid strand shell forms due to the heat dissipated from the molten metal, starting at the surface of the metal strand. Usually, the cast, but not completely solidified and therefore easily deformable metal strand is deflected after exiting the mold in a roller table in the horizontal direction, the radius of the roller table is several meters, usually 5 - 15m. During the deflection by the roller table, the metal strand undergoes a corresponding deformation, which leads to stresses in the strand shell, which can lead to cracks and other damage to the strand surface in the sequence. Therefore, in order to keep the effects of the mechanical deflection low, it is advantageous if even the mold itself, preferably near the strand exit end, has a curvature that points in the same direction as the roller table.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, the mold tube, at least in a partial region, preferably in a zone at the strand outlet end, a curvature along the casting direction, which points in the same direction as the curvature of the roller table arch. In this case, the inner surface of the Wasserleitmantels is shaped so that it follows the curvature and over the entire length of the Wasserleitmantels a substantially uniform water gap to the outer surface of the Kokillenrohrs formed, which is dimensioned so that the mold tube can be introduced as a whole in the Wasserleitmantel. On the one hand, this shaping ensures a uniform water gap and, consequently, a uniform cooling effect along the outside of the mold tube. On the other hand, it is ensured by the consideration of the curvature in the dimensioning of the water gap that for the assembly of the tube mold according to the invention the Wasserleitmantel does not have to be mounted in several parts of the mold tube, but can be made as a concentric tube for the tube in one piece.
    When passing through the mold tube reduces the cross-section of the cast metal strand due to the solidification of at least a portion of the material due to the associated volume reduction. In a preferred embodiment, therefore, reduced in a cross-section perpendicular to the casting direction enclosed by the mold tube surface of a tube mold according to the invention from the pouring to pour-out end, so that the shrinkage of the strand is compensated and there is no lift from the inside of the mold tube, which is a drastically reduced cooling effect and quality losses would result.
    Due to the forming strand shell in the passage of the metal strand through the mold tube, the heat transfer to the cooling medium along the casting direction changes; The heat flow in the region of the casting mirror is usually highest and decreases towards the strand outlet end. Especially with round molds, this waste can be relatively abrupt, so that the majority of the cooling capacity of the mold is in a narrow region near the feed end, resulting in irregular wear and therefore shortened life of the tube mold or can affect the product quality adversely. It is thus desirable to modify the heat flow between the cast metal strand and the cooling medium along the casting direction in such a way that the mold tube is worn as uniformly as possible or the properties of the cast metal strand are influenced in the desired manner. Since the cooling capacity depends substantially on the flow velocity of the cooling medium, it can be locally modified by a variable cross-sectional area of the water gap.
    In a particular embodiment of the present invention, therefore, in a cross section through the tubular mold perpendicular to the casting direction, the area of the water gap between the pouring side and the pouring side, which is flowed through by the coolant, varies between the pouring side and the pouring side.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the Wasserleitmantel comprises a first flange at its inflow-side end and a second flange at its pouring end and it circulates during the casting operation cooling liquid in the water gap between the Wasserleitmantel and the outer surface of the Kokillenrohres against the casting direction from the pouring end to the pouring end the tube mold, wherein both the inlet openings for the coolant inlet to the tube mold and the outlet openings for the coolant outlet from the tube mold are located on the first flange. This is a common configuration for tube molds and has the advantage that all connections are easily accessible from the casting platform and thus the mold can also be easily replaced.
    In addition, the first flange has first inlet channels, by means of which the cooling liquid supplied from outside the tube mold is guided via tubes on the outside of the water guide jacket to the second flange. These tubes are not used for cooling the cast metal strand but only the diversion of the cooling liquid in order to achieve the mentioned flow. In the case of rectangular casting formats, the tubes are preferably arranged in the vicinity of the longitudinal edges of the tubular mold, so that a substantial part of the outside of the water-conducting jacket remains accessible, which is advantageous for the efficiency of electromagnetic stirring coils, since they can be applied close to the molten metal. The second flange has second inlet channels, via which cooling liquid is further guided into a first annular groove at the pouring end on the inside of the water jacket, this groove running in the circumferential direction of the water jacket and thereby connecting the second inlet channels and also serves to distribute the supplied coolant evenly along the outside of the mold tube to achieve the most homogeneous cooling effect.
    Because of the pressurization of the cooling liquid, this flows further along the outer surface of the Kokillenrohres to a second annular groove on the inside of the Wasserleitmantels, which also extends in the circumferential direction and is arranged at the inflow-side end of the Wasserleitmantels. In this case, the cooling liquid absorbs the casting heat released by the molten metal via the mold tube and is subsequently connected to the outlet openings for the coolant outlet at the first outlet channels, which run perpendicular to the casting direction in the first flange of the water jacket and are interconnected by the second annular groove Flange passed from where it is supplied, for example, an external heat exchanger.
    This embodiment of the coolant circuit allows a compact construction of the tube mold according to the invention and ensures a uniform cooling effect along the circumference of the
    Mold tube, so that a high product quality is guaranteed.
    In a preferred embodiment of the tubular mold according to the invention, the first flange at the pouring end of the water jacket has at least four first supply channels for the supply of cooling liquid to the tubes and at least four drainage channels for the removal of the cooling liquid from the water gap and it has the second flange on the pouring side End of the Wasserleitmantels over at least four second supply channels for the supply of cooling liquid to the water gap. In this case, the first and the second inlet channels and the drainage channels are each uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the tube mold and thereby ensure a uniform flow path of the cooling liquid along the mold tube. In addition, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first inflow channels, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the tubes connecting the first flange to the second flange, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the second inflow channels and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the flow channels are at least twice the area of the water gap in FIG any cross-section perpendicular to the casting direction of the tube mold.
    This configuration ensures that the first and the second inlet channels, the tubes and the drainage channels do not appreciably increase the pressure loss of the cooling liquid that arises when flowing through the tubular mold, so that the energy expended for maintaining the cooling circuit can be used correspondingly efficiently. This is particularly important in such pipe molds, which should allow a high casting speed or are designed for larger Gießformate, since in these cases a correspondingly high cooling capacity is required: by the design of the tube mold described in this way, the cooling units used for the cooling circuit can be a high efficiency achieve, wherein the efficiency by the ratio of the amount of heat transported away from the cast product per
    Time unit is defined to the power used on the cooling unit.
    The object is further achieved by an operating method with the features of claim 13. According to the invention an operating method of the type mentioned is configured in that the installation of Kokillenrohres in the Wasserleitmantel the steps - inserting the Kokillenrohres as a whole in the permanently connected to the Fußflansch Wasserleitmantel and centering of the Kokillenrohres in Wasserleitmantel, so perpendicular to the casting a concentric water gap between - Forming pressure screws that act between the Wasserleitmantel and the mold tube, so that they bridge the water gap form-fitting in the normal direction to the outer surface of the mold tube, - connecting the mold tube over the holding device and the head flange with the Wasserleitmantel Adjusting lag screws that act between the Wasserleitmantel and the mold tube, so that a frictional connection between the Wasserleitmantel and the mold tube is formed and the water gap is fixed, u mfasst and that the removal of the mold tube from the Wasserleitmantel the steps - loosening and removing the lag screws, - loosening the pressure screws, - loosening the connection between the head flange, the holding device and the Wasserleitmantel and then removing the head flange, - Remove the Kokillenrohrs in one piece from the Wasserleitmantel includes.
    Advantageous embodiments of the operating method are carried out by means of the described tube mold according to the invention and therefore essentially correspond to the advantageous embodiments of the tube mold.
    According to the invention, the mold tube is initially introduced as a whole in the one-piece manufactured and firmly connected to the Fußflansch Wasserleitmantel during assembly of the tubular mold, wherein it comes to rest on the holding device. In addition, the mold tube is centered in the water jacket, which can be done automatically in a preferred embodiment of the operating method by means of appropriate devices of the mold tube or the water jacket when inserting the mold tube. Subsequently, the head flange is applied to the mold tube and the water jacket, for example by means of screws, whereby the mold tube is connected via the head flange, the base flange and the holding device with the Wasserleitmantel. Subsequently, the water gap between the outside of the mold tube and the inside of the water jacket by the pressure screws acting between Wasserleitmantel and the outside of the Kokillenrohrs fixed, without deforming the Kokillenrohr by excessive force. Finally, these compounds formed by the pressure screws are frictionally fixed by detecting lag screws acting between mold tube and water jacket: in this way the water gap for the cooling liquid between mold tube and water jacket is stabilized even under casting conditions, since the co-operating tensile and pressure screws form rigid spacers, so that a uniform cooling effect is ensured even during the casting process, in which it comes to thermally induced material expansions of the mold tube and to pressure by the cooling liquid. At the same time, the mechanical support action of the water jacket is transferred to the mold tube by the cooperating tension and compression screws, so that in this state, the tube mold for continuous casting of metal strands can be used in a continuous casting.
    When removing the Kokillenrohres, because this is damaged and must be exchanged for a new or after a corresponding production use period has fallen below the allowable wear limit, the train bolts are first loosened and removed and then released the pressure screws, whereupon the connection between the head flange, the Holding device and the Wasserleitmantel is released and then the head flange is removed. Then the mold tube is removed as a whole from the Wasserleitmantel and then replaced by a new or revised Kokillenrohr.
    This approach is made possible by the one-piece construction of the water jacket and saves time compared to processes in which the water jacket or the water box of the mold is composed of several parts or is needed as a mounting frame for the reworking of the mold tube, such. in EP 1468760 Bl, lines 42-44 in paragraph [0007] and line 21-25 in paragraph [0024]. The inventive method further offers the advantage that the mold tube directly on the plant or in a usually located nearby mold shop, for example with a crane, from the Wasserleitmantel off or can be levied in this and thus less transport capacity for the revision of the mold tube is needed. Moreover, by using a described self-centering construction consuming steps for checking the centering of the mold tube in Wasserleitmantel omitted and the installation effort in the assembly of the tube mold can be significantly reduced.
    The above-described characteristics, features, and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the embodiments, with a first embodiment being illustrated in different views with reference to FIGS becomes. A second embodiment, which differs from the first in the embodiment of the pull and Druckschraubverbindung between mold tube and water jacket, is accordingly illustrated by the figures 1 to 7 and FIG. The identifiers are consistent in all figures. The two embodiments are designed for use in a continuous casting, at the
    Tubular mold immediately downstream of a curved roller table, whose curvature points in the same direction as the curvature of the mold tube, which is not the subject of the invention and will not be discussed in more detail below.
    3 shows a first longitudinal section through the tubular mold along the line A - A in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows a second longitudinal section through the tubular mold along the in FIG 5 shows a cross section through the tubular mold of a marked in Figure 3 C - C direction FIG 6 marked in FIG 4 area of the holding device at the pouring end of the tube mold FIG 7 a in FIG 3 with Y designated 9 shows a longitudinal section through an alternative embodiment of a pull and Druckschraubverbindung with temperature sensor FIG 1 shows in a perspective view of the first embodiment of a tube mold according to the invention Casting of metal strands in the pre-block format m it rectangular cross-section, comprising a curved, interchangeable mold tube 1 with a holding device at the pouring end (not visible in Figure 1), a surrounding the mold tube Wasserleitmantel 3 and a head flange 4 at the inflow end and a Fußflansch 5 at the pouring end. About the head flange 4, a cover plate 10 is mounted with an identical outer peripheral line to the head flange 4. The water-conducting jacket 3 has at the inflow-side end a first flange 6, which is connected via tubes with a second flange 7 at the pouring end. Via first inlet channels 19, which are arranged partly on the upper side of the first flange 6, cooling liquid is conducted to the tubes 8 and, via them, further to the second flange 7 located on the pouring side. The mold tube 1 forms with the Wasserleitmantel 3 along its circumferential direction a uniform water gap 11, in which the cooling liquid then flows from the second flange 7 to the first flange 6 in drain channels 21 of the first flange 6. The mold tube 1 is according to the invention along its outer side connected to the Wasserleitmantel 3 via combined pull and Druckschraubverbindungen 9. FIG 2 shows the first embodiment in a view from above: the tube mold has a total of six inlet openings 12 for the coolant inlet and four outlet openings 13 for the coolant outlet, which are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction on the underside of the first flange 6. Each inlet opening 12 opens into a first inlet channel 19 and each outlet opening 13 is connected to a drainage channel 21 of the first flange 6. The first inflow channels 19 and the outflow channels 21 are mounted along the shorter sides of the rectangular mold at the top of the first flange, while being machined into the inside of the first flange 6 along the longer sides of the rectangular mold. In addition, the water gap 11, the apex line S of the curved Kokillenrohres 1, the vertical projection of the casting direction G, which points in the direction of a tube mold downstream roller table, as well as the attached over the head flange 4 cover plate 10 are shown.
    FIG. 3 shows a first longitudinal section through the first exemplary embodiment of a tubular mold along the line indicated by A-A in FIG. The foot flange 5 is connected by screws 17 fixed to the Wasserleitmantel 3, above the head flange 4, a cover plate 10 is additionally attached. The mold tube 1 has a curvature along the casting direction G, which is visible on the center line M, which is formed from the centers of all cross-sections through the mold tube 1 perpendicular to the casting direction. With a retaining ring 18, the mold tube 1 comes to rest when introduced into the Wasserleitmantel 3 and is then attached via the head flange 4 in Wasserleitmantel 3, the head flange 4 is firmly connected by screws 17 with the Wasserleitmantel 3. The formed between the mold tube 1 and 3 Wasserleitmantel water gap 11 is fixed by combined tension and Druckschraubverbindungen 9, which act substantially perpendicular to the casting direction G. During the casting operation, cooling liquid is passed from the tubes 8 into a first annular groove 14 at the pouring end of the water jacket 6, which then flows through the water gap 11 against the casting direction and via a second annular groove 15 through drain channels 21 in the outflow direction a to the connections for the Coolant outlet 13 passes. In this case, the second annular groove 15 extends along the circumferential direction of the Wasserleitmantels 3 and connects the water gap 11 with all flow channels 21 of the first flange 6. 4 shows a second longitudinal section through the first embodiment of a tube mold along the designated in Figure 2 with B -B -B Line and illustrates the path along the inflow direction z, which takes the liquid cooling medium as it flows into the water gap 11: via the arranged on the bottom of the first flange 6 inlet openings 12 coolant liquid flows through first inlet channels 19 in the tubes 8, over which they first from pouring end reaches the pouring end of the tube mold. By perpendicular to the casting direction extending second inlet channels 20, the cooling liquid flows into a first annular groove 14, which is arranged in the circumferential direction along the inside of the water jacket 3 and connects all second inlet channels 20 with each other. As a result, the cooling liquid is evenly distributed on entering the water gap 11 along the circumferential direction of the mold tube 1.
    FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the first exemplary embodiment of a tubular mold along the line C - C in FIG. 3, in which the vertical projection of the casting direction G and the approximately uniform distribution of the six inlet openings 12 and four in the circumferential direction of the first flange 6 Outlet openings 13 can be seen. The inlet openings 12 respectively open into the first inlet channels 19 and the outlet openings 13 into the outlet channels 21, wherein the channels are arranged along the shorter sides of the rectangular casting format above the first flange 6 and are therefore not covered by the cross section. The cooling liquid which passes through the water gap 11 during the casting operation ends in the second annular groove 15, which is arranged in the circumferential direction of the water-conducting jacket 3 and connects all the drainage channels 21, thereby ensuring a uniform flow pattern of the cooling medium. FIG. 6 shows the region of the holding device 2 a marked in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 shows the transition region between the mold tube 1 and the water-conducting jacket 3 designated by Y: in this case it can be seen how the mold tube 1 first penetrates the water-conducting jacket 3 via the in a groove 2a of the mold tube 1 arranged in the circumferential direction retaining ring 18 comes to rest on a corresponding step-shaped cut-2b of the water jacket 3. In this case, the groove 2a, the milling 2b and the retaining ring 18, the holding device 2. By then firmly connecting the head flange 4 with the Wasserleitmantel 3, the retaining ring 18 is fixed in the casting between the Wasserleitmantel 3 and the head flange 4, whereby a mechanical connection between the mold tube 1, the Wasserleitmantel 3, the head flange 4 and the base flange 5, which is connected by screws 17 fixed to the Wasserleitmantel 3, arises. Here, the mold tube 1 penetrates with its pouring end the head flange 4 and with its ausieß-casting end the Fußflansch 5, wherein in these areas in each case perpendicular to the casting direction G, a gap with a first gap S1 between the mold tube 1 and the head flange 4 and Foot flange 5 is. In addition, the retaining ring 18 receiving groove of the mold tube 1 is made so that after the introduction of the mold tube 1 in the Wasserleitmantel 3 in the casting direction G between the bottom of the retaining ring 18 and the opposite groove edge a gap with a gap S2, wherein in the first embodiment S1 is about 0.5mm and S2 is about 1mm. By this configuration, on the one hand, the mold tube 1 is automatically centered during introduction automatically in Wasserleitmantel 3 with an accuracy corresponding to the first gap S1 and simultaneously held by the head flange 4, the retaining ring 18 and the Fußflansch 5 with the same accuracy perpendicular to the casting direction G. On the other hand, this embodiment of the attachment of the mold tube 1 is not a rigid mechanical connection but allows slight thermally induced movements or material expansions of the mold tube 1, which can occur during the casting process, whereby undesirable stresses and deformations of the mold tube 1 are prevented.
    In addition annular grooves 16 are circumferentially mounted in grooves of the head flange 4 and the Fußflansches 5, which seal the flowed through by the cooling liquid cavity in the region of the first annular groove 14 and the second annular groove 15 to the outer region of the tube mold, so that a closed flow the cooling medium through the tube mold. In addition, the seals 16 are made of flexible material-for example rubber-which tolerate the thermal movements of the mold tube in the area of said gap. 8 shows the detail marked X in FIG. 3, in which a longitudinal section through a tension and compression screw connection 9 of the first exemplary embodiment is shown. Here, the water gap 11 is bridged between the mold tube 1 and the Wasserleitmantel 3 via a pressure screw 22 and a tension screw 23 which engage through a corresponding opening in the water-leitleitmantel 3 on mold tube 2. In this case, the pressure screw 22 has a first thread 24 which engages in a corresponding mating thread in the opening of the Wasserleitmantels 3 and also has a first longitudinal bore 27 through which a lag screw 23 with a second thread 26 into a corresponding mating thread on the outside of the mold tube 1 engages. In this case, the first thread 24 of the pressure screw 22 as external thread with, for example, 24mm diameter and the second
    Thread 26 of the tension screw 23 configured as an external thread with, for example, 12mm diameter. Moreover, the pressure screw 22 and the lag screw 23 have at their outer end in each case via a hexagonal screw head, which allows a rotation by means of a suitable tool. In addition, each compression and thrust connection 9 has first sealing rings 28 which seal the water gap 11 between the water-conducting jacket 3 and the pressure screw 22 and between the pressure screw 22 and the tension screw 23.
    After introduction of the mold tube 1 in the Wasserleitmantel 3 and establishing a connection between these two parts of the water gap 11 formed is first fixed by first the pressure screw 23 is set in each of the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen 9 so that they are the outer surface of the mold tube touched without deforming it. In this position, the pressure screw 24 by tightening a locking nut 25 which engages on the outside of the water jacket 3 in the first thread 24 of the pressure screw 22, stabilized. Thereafter, the bridged between mold tube 1 and 3 Wasserleitmantel of the tensile and Druckschraubverbindungen 9 distance is permanently fixed by the tension screw 23 is detected, whereby a total movement between mold tube 1 and 3 Wasserleitmantel in the axial direction of the pull and Druckschraubverbindung 9 in particular during the Casting is prevented.
    When removing the Kokillenrohres 1 from the surrounding Wasserleitmantel 3, the lag screw 23 is first completely unscrewed from the second thread 26 and removed; then the locking nut 25 is released and the pressure screw 22 at least as far counter to the locking direction twisted that it protrudes with no part in the interior of the water jacket, whereupon the mold tube 1 can be removed after releasing the connection with the 3 Wasserleitmantel from this.
    The design and application of the tensile and Druckschraubverbindung in FIG 9 corresponds substantially to the embodiment in Figure 8: as an additional feature, the
    Tightening screw on a second longitudinal bore 29 in the axial direction, through which a rod-shaped probe 31 is passed with a sensor element 32 at its tip. The sensor is, for example, a common bimetal sensor for temperature detection (so-called "thermocouple"), in which the contact area between the two different metals is formed as a very small measuring tip at the end of the rod-shaped measuring sensor 31 and represents the sensor element 32 which is in In this case, the rod-shaped measuring sensor 31 is connected in the region of the second thread 26 in the region of the second thread 26 via a projection 33 with the lag screw 23, wherein the projection 33 is designed so that the probe 31 at Fixing the lag screw is pressed in the axial direction against the outer surface of the mold tube 1, so that a thermal contact between the mold tube 1 and the sensor element 32 is made at the end of the probe 31. In addition, the interior of the lag screw 23 in the region of the second thread 26 by a second seal ring 30 sealed against the escape of coolant.
    REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 mold tube 2 holding device 2a groove 2b milling 3 Wasserleitmantel 4 head flange 5 foot flange 6 first flange 7 second flange 8 tube 9 pull and Druckschraubverbindung 10 cover plate 11 water gap 12 inlet opening 13 outlet opening 14 first annular groove 15 second annular groove 16 seal 17 screw 18 retaining ring 19 first inlet channel 20 second inlet channel 21 outlet channel 22 pressure screw 23 lag screw 24 first thread 25 lock nut 26 second thread 27 first longitudinal bore 28 first seal ring 29 second longitudinal bore 30 second seal ring 31 sensor 32 sensor element 33 projection G casting direction M center line S vertex z inflow direction a outflow direction 51 first Gap 52 second gap
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Tubular mold for continuous casting of metal strands in billet or billet format, an internal, exchangeable mold tube (1) with a holding device (2), a mold tube (1) surrounding Wasserleitmantel (3) and a head flange (4) at the inflow end and a Fußflansch (5) has at the pouring end, - wherein the mold tube (1) via the head flange (4), the base flange (5) and the holding device (2) with the Wasserleitmantel (3) is connected, - wherein in a cross section through the tube mold perpendicular to the casting direction (G), the inside of the water conducting jacket (3) extends substantially concentrically with the outside of the mold tube (1) and forms a constant water gap (11) through which cooling liquid is conducted to remove heat from the cast metal strand, Wasserleitmantel (3) is made of non-magnetic material and serves as a mechanical support for the mold tube (1), - wherein the Wasserl is made of one piece, in which the mold tube (1) is used as a whole, - wherein the mold tube (1) on its outer surface via lag screws (23) and pressure screws (22) is connected to the Wasserleitmantel.
    [2]
    2. tube mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold tube (1), the holding device (2), the Wasserleitmantel (3), the head flange (4) and the base flange (5) are designed so that the mold tube (1) in the water jacket (3) is centered.
    [3]
    3. tube mold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the cast metal strand is rectangular and the outer surface of the mold tube (1) comprises four partial surfaces, which simulate the rectangular cross section of the cast metal strands, and extending between the partial surfaces rounded edge regions, whose vertices form an edge line in the casting direction, and in that the mold tube (1) is connected in at least two partial surfaces via lag screws (23) and pressure screws (22) to the water conducting jacket (3) in a central region, the middle region of a partial surface in the casting direction ( G) over the entire length of the mold tube (1) and perpendicular to the casting direction (G) over a range extending from an edge line calculated up to five times the wall thickness of the mold tube (1) reaches each edge line.
    [4]
    4. tube mold according to claim 3, characterized in that the water gap (11) between the Wasserleitmantel (3) and the outer surface of the mold tube (1) is reduced in the edge regions.
    [5]
    5. tube mold according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the cast metal strand is round and the outer surface of the mold tube (1) simulates the round cross-section of the cast metal strands.
    [6]
    6. tube mold according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in each case a lag screw (23) and a pressure screw (22) in a non-positive tension and Druckschraubverbindung (9) cooperation by the pressure screw (22) between Wasserleitmantel (3) and mold tube (1) is designed as a threaded sleeve with an external thread, which engages in a corresponding internal thread in the water jacket (3), so that the pressure screw (22) acts as an adjustable spacer between the water jacket (3) and mold tube (1) and on the Wasserleitmantel ( 3) and the mold tube (1) acts with compressive force, and by the lag screw (23) between the water jacket (3) and mold tube (1) through a first longitudinal bore (27) of the pressure screw (22) into a thread in the outer surface of the mold tube (1) engages and acts on the Wasserleitmantel (3) and the mold tube (1) with tensile force, - wherein the lag screw (23) is designed as an expansion screw, di e tolerates a thermally induced movement of the mold tube (1) transversely to the longitudinal axis of the lag screw (23), - wherein the lag screw (23) and the pressure screw (22) are each formed at its outer end so that they can be adjusted by means of a suitable tool , - wherein the tensile and Druckschraubverbindung (9) first sealing rings (28), so that the Wasserleitmantel (3) when detecting the pressure screws (22) and the lag screws (23) is sealed against the escape of coolant.
    [7]
    7. tube mold according to claim 6, characterized in that the lag screw (23) has a second longitudinal bore (29) through which a sensor (31) having a sensor element located at its tip (32) for detecting the temperature to the surface of the mold tube (1) is guided.
    [8]
    8. tube mold according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the mold tube (1) at least in a partial region has a curvature along the casting direction (G), wherein the Wasserleitmantel (3) over its entire length a substantially uniform water gap to Outside surface of the mold tube (1) is formed, which is dimensioned so that the mold tube (1) can be introduced as a whole in the Wasserleitmantel (3).
    [9]
    9. tube mold according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the mold tube (1) enclosed cross-sectional area in the casting direction (G) tapers from the pouring side to the outlet side.
    [10]
    10. Pipe mold according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in a cross section through the tube mold perpendicular to the casting direction (G) of the coolant flowed through surface of the between Wasserleitmantel (3) and mold tube (1) formed water gap (11) between the Eingießseite and the pouring side varies.
    [11]
    11. Pipe mold according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that during the casting operation cooling liquid in the water gap (11) against the casting direction (G) flows from the pouring side to the pouring end of the tube mold, - wherein the Wasserleitmantel (3) has a first Flange (6) at the inflow-side end and a second flange (7) at the outflow-side end, - wherein the inlet openings (12) for the coolant inlet to the tube mold and the outlet openings (13) for the coolant outlet from the tube mold at the first flange ( 6), - wherein the second flange (7) via pipes (8) on the outside of the water jacket (3) with the first flange (6) is connected, - wherein the Wasserleitmantel (3) on its inside at the pouring end in the circumferential direction a first annular groove (14) and on its inside at the pouring end in the circumferential direction has a second annular groove (15), - wherein the first flange (6) has first inflow channels (19) directing the coolant from the inlet openings (12) to the tubes (8) and having drainage channels (21) which direct the coolant from the second annular groove (15) to the outlet openings (13) , - wherein the second flange (7) via second inlet channels (20) which direct the coolant from the tubes (8) to the first annular groove (14).
    [12]
    12. tubular mold according to claim 11, characterized in that the first flange (6) via at least four first inlet channels (19) and at least four drainage channels (21) and the second flange (7) has at least four second inlet channels (20), each distributed uniformly along the circumference of the mold tube (1), wherein the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first inlet channels (19), the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the tubes (8), the first flange (6) with the second flange ( 7), the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the second inlet channels (20) and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the drainage channels (21) is at least twice the area of the water gap (11) in any cross-section perpendicular to the casting direction (G) of the tube mold ,
    [13]
    13. Operating method for a tube mold for continuous casting of metal strands in billet or billet format, wherein the tube mold an internal, exchangeable mold tube (1) with a holding device (2), a mold tube (1) surrounding Wasserleitmantel (3) and a head flange (4 ) at the pouring end and a foot flange (5) at the pouring end according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the method steps: - Installation of the mold tube (1) in the Wasserleitmantel (3), comprising the steps - insertion of the mold tube (1) as Whole in the fixedly connected to the base flange (5) Wasserleitmantel (3) and centering of the mold tube (1) in Wasserleitmantel (3), so perpendicular to the casting direction (G) a concentric water gap (11) between the mold tube (1) and the Wasserleitmantel (3) is formed, - Connecting the mold tube (1) on the holding device (2) and the head flange (4) with the Wasserleitman (3), - adjusting pressure screws (22), which act between the Wasserleitmantel (3) and the mold tube (1) so that they bridge the water gap (11) form-fitting in the normal direction to the outer surface of the mold tube (1), Adjusting lag screws (23), which act between the water-leitmantel (3) and the mold tube (1), so that a frictional connection between the Wasserleitmantel (3) and the mold tube (1) is formed and the water gap (11) is fixed, - continuous - ie from any number of charges molten metal without interruption immediately successively - casting a metal strand by means of the tube mold, - Removal of the mold tube (1) from the Wasserleitmantel (3), comprising the steps - Loosening and removing the lag screws (23), - Loosen the Pressure screws (22), - loosening of the connection between head flange (4), holding device (2) and water conducting jacket (3) and subsequent removal of the head flange (4), - removing the mold tube (1) in one piece from the water conducting jacket (3 ).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3283245B1|2019-01-23|
    EP3283245A1|2018-02-21|
    WO2016166215A1|2016-10-20|
    AT517139B1|2018-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3207149C1|1982-02-27|1983-07-07|Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf|Continuous casting mold for liquid metals|
    DE3819492A1|1988-06-08|1989-12-14|Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen|KNUEPPEL- or SPREAD BLOCK CONTINUOUS CHOCOLATE|
    DE19859040A1|1998-12-21|2000-06-29|Km Europa Metal Ag|Mold tube and method for recalibrating a mold tube|
    AT296174T|2003-04-16|2005-06-15|Concast Ag|PIPE COIL TO THE CASTING|AT522037B1|2018-12-21|2021-08-15|Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH|Mold unit for the continuous casting of metal products as well as a continuous caster|
    法律状态:
    2020-12-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200416 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50303/2015A|AT517139B1|2015-04-16|2015-04-16|Supported tubular mold for billet and bloom systems|ATA50303/2015A| AT517139B1|2015-04-16|2015-04-16|Supported tubular mold for billet and bloom systems|
    PCT/EP2016/058231| WO2016166215A1|2015-04-16|2016-04-14|Supported tubular mould for billet and ingot installations|
    EP16718629.5A| EP3283245B1|2015-04-16|2016-04-14|Supported tubular mould for billet and ingot installations|
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